Glycyl-L-Glutamine Monohydrate, with the CAS number 13115-71-4, is a bioactive dipeptide hydrate composed of glycine and L-glutamine linked by a peptide bond, also known as Gly-L-Gln monohydrate or Glycyl-L-glutamine hydrate. Its molecular formula is C₇H₁₄N₂O₄·H₂O, and its molecular weight is 210.21 g/mol. As a hydrated derivative of glycyl-L-glutamine, it combines the physiological activity of the parent dipeptide with the improved stability of the hydrate form, overcoming the instability of free L-glutamine, and is widely used in pharmaceuticals, clinical nutrition, biochemistry, and food industries.
Physically, it appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder or granular solid. It has a melting point of approximately 190-195℃ (decomposition) and is highly soluble in water, forming a clear and stable aqueous solution, while it is slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol, and insoluble in non-polar solvents. It is optically active, with a specific rotation [α]²⁰/D of +15.0° to +19.0° (in water, c=2). The monohydrate structure enhances its stability and reduces hygroscopicity, making it convenient for storage and handling in various application scenarios.
Chemically, it contains peptide bonds, amino groups, carboxyl groups, and a bound water molecule in its crystal structure. The peptide bond ensures its stability in aqueous solutions and physiological environments, avoiding the decomposition that often occurs with free L-glutamine. It can be hydrolyzed under physiological conditions to release glycine and L-glutamine, both of which are essential for human protein synthesis and metabolic regulation. It is stable under neutral and weakly acidic conditions but may hydrolyze under strong acid, strong alkali, or high-temperature environments.
Its core applications focus on clinical nutrition, pharmaceuticals, and biochemistry. In clinical settings, it is a key component of parenteral and enteral nutrition preparations, used to supplement amino acids for patients with malnutrition, postoperative recovery, or severe illness, promoting protein synthesis and enhancing immune function. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as an intermediate for synthesizing peptide drugs and nutritional supplements, supporting the development of products for regulating intestinal function and improving body metabolism.
In biochemistry research, it is used as a biochemical reagent and cell culture additive to promote cell growth and proliferation. Additionally, it is used as a food additive to enhance nutritional value. Safety-wise, it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS), non-toxic and non-irritating under normal handling. It should be stored in a sealed, cool, dry, and dark environment at 2-8℃, away from strong oxidants, moisture, and high temperatures to prevent hydrolysis and degradation. With its excellent stability, bioavailability, and versatile applications, it is an indispensable raw material in multiple high-value fields.
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