Lithium Orotate, with the CAS number 5266-20-6, is an organic lithium salt formed by the combination of lithium ions and orotic acid, also known as Lithium 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-2,6-dioxopyrimidine-4-carboxylate. Its molecular formula is C₅H₄LiN₂O₄, and its molecular weight is 147.03 g/mol. It integrates the physiological functions of lithium and orotic acid, featuring high bioavailability, good biocompatibility, and stable chemical properties, making it widely applied in pharmaceuticals, nutritional supplements, and health care fields.
Physically, Lithium Orotate appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder or fine granular solid. It has a melting point of approximately 275-280℃ (decomposition) and is soluble in water, forming a clear and stable aqueous solution, while slightly soluble in ethanol and insoluble in non-polar solvents. It is odorless and tasteless, with low hygroscopicity and good stability under normal temperature and pressure when stored properly, facilitating easy handling, storage, and formulation into various dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, and oral solutions.
Chemically, it is a stable organic lithium complex, where orotic acid acts as a chelating agent to bind lithium ions, significantly improving the solubility and bioavailability of lithium compared to inorganic lithium salts (e.g., lithium carbonate, lithium chloride). It retains the core functional groups of orotic acid (pyrimidine ring, carboxyl group) and lithium ions, enabling it to participate in various physiological processes in the body, including nervous system regulation, electrolyte balance, and nucleic acid synthesis.
Its core applications focus on pharmaceuticals and nutritional supplements. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a raw material for preparing drugs to support nervous system health, helping to regulate mood and maintain neurological function. Lithium is essential for the normal operation of the nervous system, while orotic acid promotes nucleic acid synthesis and cell repair, enhancing the therapeutic effect and reducing potential side effects of lithium supplementation.
In nutritional supplements, it is used in health products to provide targeted lithium supplementation, suitable for populations needing nervous system support. It also aids in maintaining metabolic balance and overall physiological function. Safety-wise, it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) under normal dosage, with low toxicity and no obvious irritation. It should be stored in a sealed, cool, dry, and dark environment, away from oxidants, moisture, and high temperatures to prevent decomposition. With its high bioavailability and dual physiological benefits, it is a valuable raw material in the health care and pharmaceutical industries.
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